In angiosperms, flowers are arranged in a specific order in each plant. 1a (1): the mode of development and arrangement of flowers on an axis.Diversity of exquisite floral axis architecture among flower bearing higherTypes of Cymose inflorescence. Warrington, Apples: Botany, Production and Uses , page 157, The flower cluster is a cyme (terminal flower is the most advanced), is terminal within the bud and may contain up to six individual flowers.a: an inflorescence consisting of a compacted cyme less capitate than a glomerule. 2003 , David Curtis Ferree, Ian J. The plant bears small groups of two or three yellowish coloured flowers on an axillary cyme.
TheStem carrying the inflorescence is termed peduncle while the primary axisConstituting the flowers within the inflorescence is called rachis. The arrangementOf the flowers on the floral axis is termed inflorescence (Dutta, 1995). A scorpioid cyme having all the flowers in the same plane is.1 UFL, Lethbridge, AB, Canada 2University ofRajasthan, Rajasthan, India 3IA University Takestan, Iran *email: The primary reproductive body of higher vascular plant members (angiosperms) isActually a modified stem with limited growth (Chamovitz, 2002). Zandi 3*Inflorescence consisting of sessile bisexual flowers arranged acropetally on an elongated. This arrangement of a cluster of flowers on a stem which can be a single branch or system of branches is called an inflorescence where the main stem is called a peduncle.S.
Spectrum of inflorescence diversity across different angiosperm families. Example:This type terminal flower open first, rest lateral flowers developed later. Inflorescence is required for thePurpose of efficient breeding and multiplication through different modes ofPollination such wind, air, water and biological agents (Buhner, 2002).In this type lowest flowers open first but main stem continue elongate. Parallel mutation in floricaula, centrora-dialisAnd cycloidea genes are primarily responsible for evolution of different typeOf inflorescences (Coen and Nugent, 1994). For example the ray florets and discFlorets constituting the Capitulum inflorescence among the members if theSunflower family (Asteraceae).
Example: CharacteristicInflorescence of Poaceae (grasses) and Cyperaceae (sedges) members.Topped or raceme, all pedicles reaching same level to make convex indeterminateCan be determinate or indeterminate. Spike could be elongatedSpike with variable number of small flowers, mostly wind pollinated, eachEnclosed by one or two scaly bracts. Example: Achyranthes aspera. Example: Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Antirrhinum,As raceme but its flower has no pedicel. Example PetuniaIndeterminate inflorescence with pedicillate flower along the axis.
Example: AcalyphaIs a dense cluster of sessile or subsessile flowers. Example: Aracaceae (palm family/Palmae) members.Capitulum : Inflorescence is the collection of numerous floretsOrganized on a central platform called receptacle with two distinct floretTypes- the central disk (tubular) florets and peripheral ray (ligulate) florets.Example: Characteristic inflorescence of the Asteraceae (sunflowerSpike of apetalous unisexual flower known as ament. Example: Allium cepa in general ApiaceaeIs characteristic inflorescence of the Aracaceae family in which denselyArranged small flowers on the spike are imbedded in a highly specialized leafyOr fleshy bract termed spathe.
Example: Nerium.Raceme is known as panicle. Example: Caryophyllaceae.This type oldest flower is in the center which is surrounded by more than twoFlowers from lateral side and below. Example: RhipidiumDichasial cyme: In this type, the inflorescence constitutes three flowers with a centralOlder flower being encircled by two adjacent younger flowers. Example: HameliaIt is zigzag inflorescence in which flowersAlternately developed on opposite sides of the rachis. Dichasial Cyme K: Solitary Terminal L: Polychasium N:Dense panicle of numerous minute flowers at branch terminals O: BranchedIn this type flowering branch gives rise to onlyOne lateral branch, hence it form helicoid inflorescence. A: Cyathium B-C: Capitulum D & H:Verticillaster E: Highly condensed spike F: Spikelet G: Solitary Axillary I& M: Spathe J.
Example: Allioideae members.Determinate raceme : Raceme type with terminal flower. BasuDichasium is succeeded by monochasia. Monochasium I: Spike K-P: SpikeletInflorescences among different members of grasses (Poaceae) Q-R: Spadix S:Spathe with flowers subtended by green bracts T-U: Spathe. A, B & E: Raceme C-D & J: CompoundRaceme F: Condensed Spike G-H. Different inflorescence types.
Involucre : One or moreWhorls attach at the base of the inflorescence. Example: CharacteristicInflorescence of the members of Lamiaceae. Verticillaster :Flowers arranged in whorls around a common axis.
Example: Dorsteni.Flowers form a single flower like structure hence it is also called as false4. Example: Euphorbia.Structure with cavity inside, this cavity opens outside with apical side.With slightly upcurved margins. On the surface of cup nectarSecreting gland usually present.
(1995) The Private Life of Plants: ANatural History of Plant Behaviour. BasuReferences Attenborough, D. Hypanthodium Q: Cyathium R. Polychasium G, Catkin H:Axillary/Loose Axillary Cymose I-J: Corymb K-L: Umbel M-N: Capitulum O:Spike/Panicle P. Solitary Terminal B & E: SolitaryAxillary C: Double Cyme D.
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Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. (1991) Introduction to the Principles of Plant Taxonomy.Stevens , P. (1960) Notes on Cultivar Names Baileya 8: 1–4. (1957) The Designation of Cultivar-names. (2007) PlantSystematics: A Phylogenetic Approach, Sinauer Associates Inc.
(1939) The Metamorphosis of Plants, Biodynamic Farming andVegetation Ecology, 2nd Edition. Auflage, Gustav Fischer, Jena.
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